Hebrews 8:6-13
6 But now hath he [Jesus] obtained a more excellent ministry, by how much also he is the mediator of a better covenant, which was established upon better promises.

7 For if that first covenant had been faultless, then should no place have been sought for the second.

8 For finding fault with them, he saith, Behold, the days come, saith the Lord, when I will make a new covenant with the house of Israel and with the house of Judah:

9 Not according to the covenant that I made with their fathers in the day when I took them by the hand to lead them out of the land of Egypt; because they continued not in my covenant, and I regarded them not, saith the Lord.

10 For this is the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel after those days, saith the Lord; I will put my laws into their mind, and write them in their hearts: and I will be to them a God, and they shall be to me a people:

11 And they shall not teach every man his neighbour, and every man his brother, saying, Know the Lord: for all shall know me, from the least to the greatest.

12 For I will be merciful to their unrighteousness, and their sins and their iniquities will I remember no more.

13 In that he saith, A new covenant, he hath made the first old. Now that which decayeth and waxeth old is ready to vanish away.

Replacement theology is the belief that the nation of Israel was replaced by the Church as God’s chosen people.

Unfortunately, the term ‘Replacement theology’ itself avoids understanding the covenants of promise (under which the Jews were God’s chosen people to begin with). The term itself, assumes that God has a racial preference towards Hebrews, which misses why the Jews were God’s chosen people to begin with.

In no wise did God replace Israel with the church. Let that racist perspective be dispelled right off. Jesus came to establish the New Covenant in the Messiah’s blood with the Jews.

Salvation through Jesus Christ, the Messiah was offered FIRST to the Jew, and ALSO to the Gentile (Rom 1:16 & 2:9 & 10).

The term ‘Replacement theology’ (‘theology’ meaning a subjective perspective) seems to be used to dismiss New Covenant DOCTRINE (‘doctrine’ meaning plain-statement bible teaching) which is very clearly presented in scripture – see Hebrews 8:6-13 above just as one example.

There was no ‘replacement’ of God’s chosen people. God made a covenant with Abraham, which the entire race of the Jews were automatically under simply by their birth, and circumcision. You will notice that the bible is split into two sections, the first, larger section is called the ‘Old Testament’ (‘testament’ is another word for ‘covenant’), the second, shorter section is the ‘New Testament.’

The Old Testament is an history of the Covenant that God made with Abraham (which is why it’s called the ‘Old Testament’). Throughout the Old Testament scriptures, there are many, many prophecies of the coming Messiah, who would mediate a New Covenant when He came. This New Covenant was promised to the Jews – as the people who were under the first covenant, but also entailed the promise of the inclusion of gentiles (all the people of the world) in the coming covenant that was to be established by the Messiah.

Jesus Christ was the Messiah, and He did, indeed mediate the New Covenant. Salvation is now no longer through the Old Covenant (the covenant of Abraham), because the Old Covenant was superseded by a New and Better Covenant.

The seal of the New Covenant is the blood of Jesus Christ; those who reject the New Covenant are therefore rejecting the blood of Jesus, the Jewish Messiah. Those who seek to continue in the temporal blessings of the Old Covenant, and therefore reject the New Covenant are not saved – they are not God’s people.

This is not because God ‘replaced’ anyone, it is because those who seek to the Old Covenant, reject the Jewish Messiah, and His ministry. His coming was the point of the Old Testament to begin with.

The New Covenant contains no promise of land, or of an earthly nation, but promises the kingdom of God, and citizenship in the New Jerusalem (the city of those redeemed FROM THE EARTH).

Does God have two chosen people? An earthly nation of Israel, and an heavenly kingdom of Isreal (the church)?

Ephesians 4:4-6
4 There is one body, and one Spirit, even as ye are called in one hope of your calling;

5 One Lord, one faith, one baptism,

6 One God and Father of all, who is above all, and through all, and in you all.

This is not replacement theology, it is the doctrine of the New Covenant by which you regardless of your ethnicity (Jew, or Gentile) can be saved.

No one is of God’s people who does not follow the Jewish Messiah.

Psalm 2:12
Kiss the Son, lest he be angry, and ye perish from the way, when his wrath is kindled but a little. Blessed are all they that put their trust in him.

See Also: The Rapture, and the Return of the Old Covenant